HY-2B卫星散射计海面风场产品质量分析 *     

陈克海  解学通  张金兰  邹巨洪  张毅 《热带海洋学报》2020,39(6):30-40

星载微波散射计是获取全球海面风场信息的主要手段, HY-2B卫星散射计的成功发射为全球海面风场数据获取的持续性提供了重要保障。本文利用欧洲中期天气预报中心(European Center for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts, ECMWF)再分析风场数据、热带大气海洋观测计划(Tropical Atmosphere Ocean Array, TAO)和美国国家数据浮标中心(National Data Buoy Center, NDBC)浮标获取的海面风矢量实测数据, 对HY-2B散射计海面风场数据产品的质量进行统计分析。分析表明, HY-2B风场与ECMWF再分析风场对比, 在4~24m·s^-1风速区间内, 风速和风向均方根误差(root mean square error, RMSE)分别为1.58m·s^-1和15.34°; 与位于开阔海域的TAO浮标数据对比, 风速、风向RMSE分别为1.03m·s^-1和14.98°, 可见HY-2B风场能较好地满足业务化应用的精度要求(风速优于2m·s^-1, 风向优于20°)。与主要位于近海海域的NDBC浮标对比, HY-2B风场的风速、风向RMSE分别为1.60m·s^-1和19.14°, 说明HY-2B散射计同时具备了对近海海域风场的良好观测能力。本文还发现HY-2B风场质量会随风速、地面交轨位置等变化, 为用户更好地使用HY-2B风场产品提供参考。  相似文献   

痛泻要方对溃疡性结肠炎患者中医证候及肠道菌群的影响          下载免费PDF全文

俞媛  王卿华  陈媛洁 《应用海洋学学报》2020,36(12):12

目的：观察痛泻要方对溃疡性结肠炎（UC）肝郁脾虚证的临床疗效及其对肠道菌群的影响。方法：将40例UC肝郁脾虚证患者随机分为治疗组和对照组,每组各20例。对照组予美沙拉嗪肠溶片治疗,治疗组在对照组基础上加用痛泻要方治疗。2组疗程均为12周,比较2组治疗前后中医证候积分及肠道菌群的变化。结果：治疗前,2组中医证候积分、主要肠道菌群数目比较,差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。与治疗前比较,治疗后2组中医证候积分均降低,有益菌群（双歧杆菌、乳酸杆菌）数目均明显上升,而有害菌群（大肠埃希菌）数目明显下降,且治疗组的指标改善情况均优于对照组,差异有统计学意义（均P<0.05）。结论：痛泻要方可有效改善UC肝郁脾虚证患者的中医证候,纠正患者肠道菌群的紊乱,提高临床疗效。  相似文献   

Dynamic changes in lakes in the Hoh Xil region before and after the 2011 outburst of Zonag Lake     

LIU Wen-hui  XIE Chang-wei  ZHAO Lin  WU Tong-hua  WANG Wu  ZHANG Yu-xin  YANG Gui-qian  ZHU Xiao-fan  YUE Guang-yang 《山地科学学报》2019,(5)

Zonag, Kusai, Hedin Noel and Yanhu Lakes are independent inland lakes in the Hoh Xil region on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. In September2011, Zonag Lake burst after the water level had increased for many years. Floods flowed through Kusai and Hedin Noel Lakes into Yanhu Lake; since then, the four small endorheic catchments merged into one larger catchment. This hydrological process caused the rapid shrinkage of Zonag Lake and continuous expansion of Yanhu Lake. In this study,based on satellite images, meteorological data and field investigations, we examined the dynamic changes in the four lakes and analyzed the influencing factors. The results showed that before 2011, the trends in the four lake areas were similar and displayed several stages. The change in the area of Zonag Lake corresponded well to the change in annual precipitation(AP), but the magnitude of the change was less than that of a non-glacier-fed lake. Although increased precipitation was the dominant factor that caused Zonag Lake to expand, increased glacier melting and permafrost thawing due to climate warming also had significant effects. After the 2011 outburst of Zonag Lake, due to the increasing AP and accelerating glacier melting, the increases in water volume of the three lakes were absorbed by Yanhu Lake, and Yanhu Lake expanded considerably. According to the rapid growth rates in water level and lake area, Yanhu Lake is likely to burst in 1-2 years.  相似文献   

Assessing effects of “source-sink” landscape on non-point source pollution based on cell units of a small agricultural catchment     

WANG Jin-liang  CHEN Cheng-long  NI Jiu-pai  XIE De-ti  GUO Xi  LUO Zhi-jun  ZHAO Yue 《山地科学学报》2019,(9)

Ascertaining the relationship between "source-sink" landscape and non-point source(NPS) pollution is crucial for reducing NPS pollution, however, it is not easy to realize this target on cell unit scale. To reveal the relationships between "sourcesink" landscape and NPS pollution based on cell units of a small catchment in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region(TGRR), the runoff and nutrient yields were simulated first by rainfall events on a cell unit scale based on the Annualized AGricultural Non-Point Source Pollution Model(AnnAGNPS). Landscape structure and pattern were quantified with "sourcesink" landscape indicators based on cell units including landscape area indices and locationweighted landscape indices. The results showed that:the study case of small Wangjiagou catchment highlighted a good prediction capability of runoff and nutrient export by the AnnAGNPS model. Throughout the catchment, the spatial distribution trends of four location-weighted landscape indices were similar to the trends of simulated total nitrogen(TN) and total phosphorus(TP), which highlighted the importance of spatial arrangement of "source" and "sink" landscape types in a catchment when estimating pollutant loads. Results by Pearson correlation analysis indicated that the location-weighted landscape index provided a more comprehensive account of multiple factors, and can better reflect NPS-related nutrient loss than other landscape indices applied in single-factor analysis. This study provides new findings for applying the "source-sink" landscape indices based on cell units in small catchments to explain the effect of "source-sink" landscape on nutrient export based on cell unit, and helps improve the understanding of the correlation between "source-sink" landscape and NPS pollution.  相似文献   

不同插值方法在海域气象参数估算中的可靠性评价          下载免费PDF全文

艾葳  万继敏  崇元 《海洋技术学报》2019,38(2)

海域条件下的气象观测具有数据稀少、变化大且观测站点分布不均的特点,其插值精度受插值方法影响较大。首先对常规插值方法进行理论分析,进而选取了反距离加权法、克里金法和样条函数法三种插值方法进行了插值实验和精度分析。根据渤海湾某区域的气象历史数据,采用不同方法绘制了温度、压强和湿度的插值平面图,并基于交叉验证的方式对各插值方法进行了对比,给出了不同方法的插值估算可靠性评价。结果表明:温度、压强和湿度的插值精度均是基于反距离加权法的插值结果最优(MAE_(温度)=2.42,RMSE_(温度)=1.92,MAE_(压强)=2.05,RMSE_(压强)=1.30,MAE_(湿度)=11.394, RMSE_(压强)=6.43),同时基于反距离加权法的图形绘制可视化效果也要优于其他两种方法。研究结果可为海域气象参数估算提供理论和实践依据。  相似文献   

Characteristics of the Seismic Waves from a New Active Source Based on Methane Gaseous Detonation   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

WANG Weitao  WANG Xiang  MENG Chuanmin  DONG Shi  WANG Zhigang  XIE Junju  WANG Baoshan  YANG Wei  XU Shanhui  WANG Tao 《中国地震研究》2019,33(2):354-366

Active seismic sources are critical for obtaining high resolution images of the subsurface. For active imaging in urban areas, environment friendly and green seismic sources are required. In present work, we introduce a new type of green active source based on the gaseous detonation of methane and oxygen. When fired in a closed container, the chemical reaction, i.e. gaseous detonation, will produce high pressure air over 150MPa. Seismic waves are produced when high pressure air is quickly released to impact the surroundings. The first field experiment of this active source was carried out in December, 2017 in Jingdezhen, Jiangxi Province, where a series of active sources were excited to explore their potential in mine exploration. In current work, we analyzed the seismic waves recorded by near-field accelerators and a dense short-period seismic array and compared them with those from a mobile airgun source, another kind of active source by releasing high pressure air into water. The results demonstrate that it can be used for high resolution near surface imaging. Firstly, the gaseous detonation productions are harmless CO₂ and water, making it a green explosive source. Secondly, the dominant seismic frequencies are 10-80Hz and a single shot can be recorded up to 15km, making it suitable for local structure investigations. Thirdly, it can be excited in vertical wells, similar to traditional powder explosive sources. It can also act as an additional on-land active source to airgun sources, which requires a suitable water body as intermediate media to generate repeating signals. Moreover, the short duration and high frequency signature of the source signals make it safe with no damage to nearby buildings. These make it convenient to excite in urban areas. As a new explosive source, the excitation equipment and conditions, such as gas ratio, sink depth and air-releasing directions, need further investigation to improve seismic wave generation efficiency.  相似文献   

Monitoring Contact State of Laboratory Fault with Coda Transmission Waves     

XIE Fan  REN Yaqiong  HOU Jinxin 《中国地震研究》2019,33(3):431-436

We monitored the amplitude changes of coda transmission waves around 500kHz across the frictional interface of a simulated 1.5-meter-long fault during normal stress holding test. We find that the amplitude of coda transmission waves increases with the logarithm of stationary contact time. Localized increase amounted to a level ranging from 4% to 16% along the fault is observed during the 1-hour experiment. We discuss that the frictional strength at mesoscopic scale, which is related to the amplitude of coda transmission waves, is responsible for the phenomenon. Combining the reported method with other complementary approaches will enhance the understanding of fault mechanism either at laboratory or on-site applications.  相似文献   

无背索斜拉桥主塔受力及抗震性能分析          下载免费PDF全文

荀敬川  刘吉诚  彭晶蓉  李源 《地震工程学报》2019,41(5):1133-1140

为探讨主塔横梁对无背索斜拉桥结构的静动力特性影响,以某无背索斜拉桥为原型,采用三维静\,动力有限元计算方法,分析了实心横梁、大空心横梁、小空心横梁与无横梁四种主塔横梁方案的静、动力结构特性。静力计算结果表明:在最不利荷载作用下,四种对比方案中,实心横梁的拉索应力接近安全系数临界值;横梁重量越大,主梁挠度及主塔顺桥向变形值越小,且未设置横梁的方案在长期荷载作用下产生主跨侧的收缩徐变变形值。动力计算结果表明:大空心横梁方案结构横桥向刚度最大塔底轴力最大、横桥向弯矩值最大;无横梁时横桥向剪力最大,且无横梁方案使得主塔刚度较小,阵型易出现主塔横向失稳。综合考虑结构静、动力特性与施工便利性和后期维护,建议该结构采用实心主塔横梁。  相似文献   

华北克拉通西部块体北缘及邻区地壳厚度与泊松比分布特征     

杨彦明  陈婧  熊峰  张云  马援  贾昕晔  贾彦杰 《地震》2019,39(2):97-109

收集了2010—2011年华北克拉通西部块体北缘及邻区布设的36个流动地震台和2009—2016年内蒙古自治区数字地震台网17个宽频带固定地震台站的远震事件波形数据, 采用接收函数H-κ算法分析获得了53个基岩台站下方的地壳厚度和泊松比结果。 此外, 结合已有的81个台站的研究成果, 给出华北克拉通西部块体北缘及邻区地壳厚度与泊松比分布特征。 综合分析认为, 研究区地壳厚度在整体上呈现自东向西渐变的特征, 最厚的地方出现在华北克拉通西端的阿拉善地块(～48.7±3.0 km)。 研究区平均泊松比为0.27, 泊松比高值异常出现在河套断陷带, 意味着可能具有较高的地壳温度或者存在壳内部分熔融。 研究区内不同构造单元呈现出显著的地壳厚度和泊松比分布特征的差异性, 意味着在华北克拉通构造演化过程中, 不同地区经历了不同的地壳改造过程。  相似文献   

宽频带流动地震台站中地震计浅井式安装研究     

刘政一  袁松湧  许卫卫  徐天龙 《地震地磁观测与研究》2019,40(4):130-137

在井下地震观测中，各种地表背景噪声具有显著衰减作用，针对中国地震科学台阵现有大量非专用浅井式设计的Guralp CMG系列地震计，以及目前多个新获批项目在高背景噪声区域的观测需求，设计一种野外实用浅井观测方式，在北京国家地球观象台进行不同深度、不同井壁材质的观测对比实验，分析研究观测数据的背景噪声功率谱密度，结果表明，随着浅井深度的增加，地震背景噪声在垂直、水平向得到改善，改善程度随频率变化有所不同。分析认为，在华北现有地质环境下，6 m浅井是较为经济的观测方式，性价比高、占地小、施工简便，可用于后续多个项目的宽频带流动地震台阵观测。  相似文献